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Barleria lupilina LINDL  

Common name : Hophead
  • Vernacular Names
    1. Assamese : Mahaneem. Maha-neem 2. Bengali : Neem 3. English : Indian Lilac, Margosa, Margosa tree, Neem,Neem tree 4. Gujarati : Limba 5. Hindi : Neem 6. Irula : Veeppa, maram 7. Kannada : Bevu/ Kirubevu, Turakabevu 8. Malayalam : Ariyaveppu, Ayurveppu, Kaippanveppu , Nimbam, Vembu, Veppu 9. Marathi : Nimbay 10. Tamil : Sengumaru, Vembu, Veppa, Veppai 11. Telugu : Vepa Source : FRLHT’s ENVIS
  • Botanical Description
    Azadirachta indica is a tropical evergreen of the MELIACEAE family that grows up to 25 m high. It has rough dark brown bark with wide longitudinal fissures separated by flat ridges. The leaves are compound, imparipinnate, each comprising 5-15 leaflets that are arranged in alternate pairs with terminal leaflets. The compound leaves are themselves alternating with one another. The thin, lanceolate leaflets measure about 6 cm long and 2 cm broad. It bears many flowered panicles, mostly in the leaf-axils. The sepals are ovate and about 1 cm long with sweet scented white oblanceolate petals. It produces yellow drupes that are ellipsoid and glabrous, 12-20 cm long. Source : Medicinal plants of the world: chemical constituents, traditional and modem medicinal uses by Ivan Ross (Volume 2 )
  • Conservation Status
    Least concern source : IUCN
  • Medicinal uses
    Hot water extract of the bark is taken orally by the adult female as a tonic and emmenagogue. The hot water extract of the dried fixed oil is taken orally as an emmenagogue. Anthraquinone fraction of the dried flower, fruit and leaf is taken orally for leprosy. Hot water extract of the flower and leaf is taken orally as an antihistorical remedy, and is used externally to treat wounds. The dried flowers are taken orally for diabetes. Hot water extract of the dried fruit is used for piles and externally for skin diseases and ulcers. Hot water extract of the entire plant is taken orally as an anthelmintic, an insecticide and a purgative. Juices of the bark of Andrographis paniculate, Azadirachta indica and Tinospora cordifolia are taken orally as a treatment for filariasis. Hot water extract of the bark is taken with water, orally before breakfast, for leprosy. The extract is also taken for fever and diabetes, and as a tonic, refrigerant, anthelmintic and antiperiodic. The fresh fruit is used externally for leprosy. Fruit, leaf and root, ground and mixed with dried ginger and "trifala", a preparation consisting of the powdered fruit of Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb., T. Chebula Retz, and Emblica officinalis Gaertn., is taken orally with lukewarm water to treat common fevers. Leaf juice is administered by intravenous infusion for chronic skin diseases, and is taken orally as an anthelmintic. Source : Medicinal Plants of the World
S.No
Phytochemical Name
Phytochemical ID
Synonym
2D structure
3D structure
1
8-O-acetyl-6-O-(p-methoxy-cis-cinnamoyl)shanzhiside
N.A
2
8-O-acetyl-6-O-(p-methoxy-transcinnamoyl)shanzhiside
N.A
3
6-O-p-methoxy-cis-cinnamoyl-8-O-acetylshanzhiside methyl ester
N.A
4
6-O-p-methoxy-trans-cinnamoyl-8-O- acetylshanzhiside methyl ester
N.A
5
8-O-acetylipolamiidic acid
N.A
6
6-O-p-cis-coumaroyl-8-O-acetylshanzhiside methyl ester
N.A
7
6-O-p-trans-coumaroyl-8-O-acetylshanzhiside methyl ester
N.A
8
Ipolamiide
CID_442425
N.A
10
Shanzhiside
CID_11948668
Shanziside
9
Ipolamiidoside
CID_10321418
N.A
11
Shanzhiside methyl ester
CID_13892722
N.A
12
8-O-acetylshanzhiside
N.A
13
Barlerin
CID_162823
8-O-Acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester
14
6-O-acetylshanzhiside methyl ester
CID_24150641
N.A
15
Acetylbarlerin
CID_6453480
N.A
16
Mussaenosidic acid
CID_21633105
N.A
17
Phlorigidoside
N.A
18
Lupulinoside
N.A
19
Forsythoside
CID_76005395
N.A
20
Poliumoside
CID_6442411
N.A
21
(+)-lyoniresinol 3 α-O- β-glucopyranoside
CID_10483388
(+)-Lyoniresinol 9'-O-glucoside pteleifoside G lyoniresinol glucoside
22
1-octen-3-yl- β -primeveroside
N.A
23
Benzyl β -primeveroside
CID_348296141
N.A

lupulina exhibited the highest selective index (SI) (781.5) with lowest 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) dose (0.02 µg/mL) against HSV-2 cells as reported by Wirotesangthong and Rattanakiat.

Source : Gangaram et al.,2021
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