Curcuma Longa

Common name : Turmeric, Haldi

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Taxonomical ID:136217

Vernacular Names

1. Assamese : Mahaneem. Maha-neem 2. Bengali : Neem 3. English : Indian Lilac, Margosa, Margosa tree, Neem,Neem tree 4. Gujarati : Limba 5. Hindi : Neem 6. Irula : Veeppa, maram 7. Kannada : Bevu/ Kirubevu, Turakabevu 8. Malayalam : Ariyaveppu, Ayurveppu, Kaippanveppu , Nimbam, Vembu, Veppu 9. Marathi : Nimbay 10. Tamil : Sengumaru, Vembu, Veppa, Veppai 11. Telugu : Vepa Source : FRLHT’s ENVIS
Botanical Description

Azadirachta indica is a tropical evergreen of the MELIACEAE family that grows up to 25 m high. It has rough dark brown bark with wide longitudinal fissures separated by flat ridges. The leaves are compound, imparipinnate, each comprising 5-15 leaflets that are arranged in alternate pairs with terminal leaflets. The compound leaves are themselves alternating with one another. The thin, lanceolate leaflets measure about 6 cm long and 2 cm broad. It bears many flowered panicles, mostly in the leaf-axils. The sepals are ovate and about 1 cm long with sweet scented white oblanceolate petals. It produces yellow drupes that are ellipsoid and glabrous, 12-20 cm long. Source : Medicinal plants of the world: chemical constituents, traditional and modem medicinal uses by Ivan Ross (Volume 2 )
Conservation Status

Least concern source : IUCN
Medicinal uses

Hot water extract of the bark is taken orally by the adult female as a tonic and emmenagogue. The hot water extract of the dried fixed oil is taken orally as an emmenagogue. Anthraquinone fraction of the dried flower, fruit and leaf is taken orally for leprosy. Hot water extract of the flower and leaf is taken orally as an antihistorical remedy, and is used externally to treat wounds. The dried flowers are taken orally for diabetes. Hot water extract of the dried fruit is used for piles and externally for skin diseases and ulcers. Hot water extract of the entire plant is taken orally as an anthelmintic, an insecticide and a purgative. Juices of the bark of Andrographis paniculate, Azadirachta indica and Tinospora cordifolia are taken orally as a treatment for filariasis. Hot water extract of the bark is taken with water, orally before breakfast, for leprosy. The extract is also taken for fever and diabetes, and as a tonic, refrigerant, anthelmintic and antiperiodic. The fresh fruit is used externally for leprosy. Fruit, leaf and root, ground and mixed with dried ginger and "trifala", a preparation consisting of the powdered fruit of Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb., T. Chebula Retz, and Emblica officinalis Gaertn., is taken orally with lukewarm water to treat common fevers. Leaf juice is administered by intravenous infusion for chronic skin diseases, and is taken orally as an anthelmintic. Source : Medicinal Plants of the World

Title	Phytochemical Name	Phytochemical ID	Synonym
1	1,8-Cineole	CID_2758	Eucalyptol
2	2-bornanol	CID_10049	N.A
3	2-hydroxy-methyl-anthraquinone	CID_348834309	N.A
4	4-hydroxybisabola-2	N.A
5	10-diene-9-one	N.A
6	4-methoxy-5-hydroxybiosabola	N.A
7	4-hydroxy-cinnamoyl-Feruloyl)-methane	N.A
8	Alpha-atlantone	CID_12299867	N.A
9	Alpha-pinene	CID_6654	2-Pinene
10	Alpha terpineol	CID_17100	Terpineol
11	Ar-turmerone	CID_160512	N.A
12	Arabinose	CID_439195	Arabinopyranose
13	Ascorbic-acid	CID_54670067	vitamin C
14	Azulene	CID_9231	Cyclopentacycloheptene
15	Beta-carotene	CID_5280489	N.A
16	Beta-pinene	CID_14896	Pseudopinene
17	Beta -sesquiphellandrene	CID_12315492	N.A
18	Bis-(Para-hydroxy-cinnamoyl)-methane	N.A
19	Bis-desmethoxycurcumin	CID_162220513	N.A
20	Bisabolene	N.A
21	Bixin	CID_5281226	N.A
22	Borneol	CID_64685	Isoborneol
23	Boron	N.A
24	Caffeic-acid	CID_689043	3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid
25	Calcium	CID_5460341	N.A
26	Caprylic-acid	CID_379	octanoic acid
27	Caryophyllene	CID_5281515	beta-Caryophyllene
28	Chromium	CID_23976
29	Cineole		Eucalyptol
30	Cinnamic-acid	CID_444539	TRANS-CINNAMIC ACID
31	Cuminyl-alcohol	CID_325	4-isopropylbenzyl alcohol
32	Curcumene	CID_92139	alpha-Curcumene
33	Curcumenol	CID_167812	N.A
34	Curcumin	CID_969516	Diferuloylmethane
35	Curdione	CID_6441391	N.A
36	Cobalt	CID_104730
37	Copper	CID_23978
38	Eugenol	CID_3314	4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol 4-Allylguaiacol
39	Epiprocurcumenol	CID_10263440	N.A
40	Eucalyptol	CID_2758	1,8-Cineole
41	Feruloyl-p-coumaroyl-methane	N.A
42	Gamma-atlantone	CID_91698329	N.A
43	Germacrone	CID_6436348	N.A
44	Germacrone-13-al;Guaiacol	N.A
45	Isoborneol	CID_6321405	Isocamphol
46	L-alpha-curcumene	CID_442360	(R)-curcumene
47	L-beta-curcumene	N.A
48	Limonene	CID_22311	Dipentene
49	Manganese	CID_23930
50	Monodesmethoxycurcumin	N.A
51	Niacin	CID_938	Nicotinic acid
52	Nickel	CID_935
53	norbixin	CID_5281249	6,6'-Diapo-psi,psi-carotenedioic acid
54	O-coumaric-acid	N.A
55	P-coumaric-acid	CID_637542	4-Hydroxycinnamic acid
56	P-methoxycinnamic-acid	N.A
57	Pcymene	CID_7463
58	P-tolymethylcarbinol	N.A
59	Phosphorus	CID_5462309
60	Protocatechuic-acid	N.A
61	Procurcumadiol	CID_14633011	N.A
62	utonan A	N.A
63	utonan B	N.A
64	utonan C	N.A
65	utonan D	N.A
66	turmerone	CID_14367555
67	arturmerone	N.A
68	campesterol	CID_173183	Campesterin
69	stigmasterol	CID_5280794	beta-Stigmasterol
70	beta-sitosterol	CID_222284	Sitosterol Cupreol Azuprostat

The acquired IC50 values for these nine promising compounds fall into a range between 0.21 μM and 0.97 μM, while the IC50 value for curcumin is 10.5 μM.

Source : Chanda et al.,2019

3D phytochemicals

AMMPDB VER.1.1

Curcuma Longa

Common name : Turmeric, Haldi

Source : Chanda et al.,2019