Murraya paniculata L.

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Vernacular Names

1. Assamese : Mahaneem. Maha-neem 2. Bengali : Neem 3. English : Indian Lilac, Margosa, Margosa tree, Neem,Neem tree 4. Gujarati : Limba 5. Hindi : Neem 6. Irula : Veeppa, maram 7. Kannada : Bevu/ Kirubevu, Turakabevu 8. Malayalam : Ariyaveppu, Ayurveppu, Kaippanveppu , Nimbam, Vembu, Veppu 9. Marathi : Nimbay 10. Tamil : Sengumaru, Vembu, Veppa, Veppai 11. Telugu : Vepa Source : FRLHT’s ENVIS
Botanical Description

Azadirachta indica is a tropical evergreen of the MELIACEAE family that grows up to 25 m high. It has rough dark brown bark with wide longitudinal fissures separated by flat ridges. The leaves are compound, imparipinnate, each comprising 5-15 leaflets that are arranged in alternate pairs with terminal leaflets. The compound leaves are themselves alternating with one another. The thin, lanceolate leaflets measure about 6 cm long and 2 cm broad. It bears many flowered panicles, mostly in the leaf-axils. The sepals are ovate and about 1 cm long with sweet scented white oblanceolate petals. It produces yellow drupes that are ellipsoid and glabrous, 12-20 cm long. Source : Medicinal plants of the world: chemical constituents, traditional and modem medicinal uses by Ivan Ross (Volume 2 )
Conservation Status

Least concern source : IUCN
Medicinal uses

Hot water extract of the bark is taken orally by the adult female as a tonic and emmenagogue. The hot water extract of the dried fixed oil is taken orally as an emmenagogue. Anthraquinone fraction of the dried flower, fruit and leaf is taken orally for leprosy. Hot water extract of the flower and leaf is taken orally as an antihistorical remedy, and is used externally to treat wounds. The dried flowers are taken orally for diabetes. Hot water extract of the dried fruit is used for piles and externally for skin diseases and ulcers. Hot water extract of the entire plant is taken orally as an anthelmintic, an insecticide and a purgative. Juices of the bark of Andrographis paniculate, Azadirachta indica and Tinospora cordifolia are taken orally as a treatment for filariasis. Hot water extract of the bark is taken with water, orally before breakfast, for leprosy. The extract is also taken for fever and diabetes, and as a tonic, refrigerant, anthelmintic and antiperiodic. The fresh fruit is used externally for leprosy. Fruit, leaf and root, ground and mixed with dried ginger and "trifala", a preparation consisting of the powdered fruit of Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb., T. Chebula Retz, and Emblica officinalis Gaertn., is taken orally with lukewarm water to treat common fevers. Leaf juice is administered by intravenous infusion for chronic skin diseases, and is taken orally as an anthelmintic. Source : Medicinal Plants of the World

S.No	Phytochemical Name	Phytochemical ID	synonym	Part
1	Yuehcukene	N.A		Leaves
2	1β-(3,-indolyl-7,9α,9β-trimethyl-5β,8,9,10β-tetrahydroindano-[2,3-b] indole	N.A		leaves
3	murrayacarine	CID_11977126	N.A	Root bark Flowers
4	murrayaculatine	CID_101416188	N.A	Root bark flowers
5	3’,4’,5,5’,7,8-hexa-methoxyflavone	N.A		Leaves
6	3,3’, 4’,5,5’,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone	N.A		Leaves
7	3,5,7,3’,4’,5’- hexamethoxyflavone	CID_634113	Hexa-O-methylmyricitin Myricetin hexamethyl ether	Flower
8	meranzin hydrate	CID_5070783	8-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-7-methoxychromen-2-one Meranzin (hydrate)	Leaves
9	murpanidin	CID_6426907	8-[(1S,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl]-7-methoxychromen-2-one	Leaves
10	murragatin	N.A		Leaves
11	3-formylindole,omphalocar-pin,5,7-dimethoxy-8-(3’-methyl-2’- oxobuty coumarin	N.A		Root bark
12	coumurrayin	CID_176911	5,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)chromen-2-one	Root bark
13	murragleinin	CID_101311688	N.A	Root bark
14	omphamurin	CID_157112	N.A	Root bark
15	murraol	CID_15593213	8-[(E)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl]-7-methoxychromen-2-one	Root bark
16	(-)- murracarpin	CID_5319464	Albiflorin-3	Root bark
17	(±)-murracarpin			Root bark
18	mupanidin	N.A		Root bark
19	mexoticin	CID_176970	Isomexoticin	Root bark
20	murrangatin	CID_389002	Minumicrolin	Root bark
21	yuehgesin-A	N.A		Fresh flower
22	yuehgesin-B	N.A		Fresh flower
23	yuehgesin-C	CID_5319451	8-(3-Ethoxy-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-7-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one	Fresh flower
24	murralongin	CID_179620	2-(7-Methoxy-2-oxochromen-8-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enal	Leaves
25	omphamurrayone	CID_101998817	N.A	Leaves
26	isomurralonginol	N.A		Leaves
27	isovalerate	CID_3587356	3-methylbutanoate isopropylacetate 3-Methylbutyrate delphinate	Leaves
28	murrangatin	CID_389002	Minumicrolin	Leaves
29	minumicrolin			Leaves
30	coumurrayin			Leaves
31	toddalenone	CID_101893838	8-(3-Oxo-1-butenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one	Leaves
32	auraptene	CID_1550607	7-Geranyloxycoumarin	Leaves
33	toddasin	CID_101999460	N.A	Leaves
34	methyl 2,5-dihydroxycinnamate	CID_5353609	N.A	Leaves
35	murrayatin	CID_621354	7-Methoxy-8-[3-hydroxy-2-[(3-methylbutyryl)oxy]-3-methylbutyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one	Leaves
36	t-caryophyllene	N.A		Leaves
37	γ-elemene	CID_12309452	1-Ethenyl-1-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexane	Leaves
38	perolidol	N.A		Leaves
39	β-elemene	CID_9859094	N.A	Leaves
40	spathulenol	CID_92231	Spatulenol	Leaves
41	caryophyllene oxide	CID_1742210	beta-Caryophyllene oxide beta-Caryophyllene epoxide	Leaves
42	β-caryophyllene	CID_5281515	Caryophyllene	Leaves
43	germacrene D	CID_5317570	N.A	Leaves
44	4-methylene-6-(1-propenylidene)-cyclooctene	CID_5368213	4-Methylene-6-(1-propenylidene)cyclooctene	Leaves

The cytotoxic activity exhibited a prominent selective effect against hepatoma cancer cells (IC50 value =63.7 μg/mL) compared with normal fibroblasts (IC50 value =195.0 μg/mL), whereas the β-caryophyllene showed low cytotoxicity.

Source : Sayar et al.,2014

3D phytochemicals

AMMPDB VER.1.1

Murraya paniculata L.

Common name : Orange jasmine, Kamini

Source : Sayar et al.,2014